• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is established as a structured, product-centered environmental analysis framework, expanding from early product studies to broader, systematic life-cycle thinking through foundational guides and cross-cutting reviews [1], [2], [4], [14], [16].

• Data-centric Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) evolves with inventories and regional datasets enabling cross-site comparisons and product-level environmental accounting, highlighting detergent inventory work and broader data-quality concerns [1], [4], [6], [15].

• Life Cycle Theory as economics and business lifecycle lens informs industry dynamics, firm performance, and sectoral patterns (tourism, retail, publishing), illustrating lifecycle stages beyond engineering scope [11], [13], [18], [19], [20].

• Critical assessments expose methodological limits, boundary assumptions, and decision-relevance gaps in LCA, driving calls for realistic expectations and better integration with policy and practice [8], [12].

• Sector-specific, cross-domain applications demonstrate LCA's breadth—from automobiles and waste to media and islands—revealing how lifecycle thinking informs energy, waste management, and regional planning decisions [5], [7], [9], [17].